Purpose: There is limited literature about how the teaching of CPR to schoolchildren may affect not only knowledge but also self-efficacy and attitudes, to support the integration of CPR in primary education. This study assessed how a 3-hour CPR training, conducted by teachers, affected knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes towards CPR in Greek schoolchildren, 11 to 12-year-old. 
Materials and methods: Schoolchildren (aged 11-12 years, 6th grade) in Trikala and Kalabaka, Greece, received a 3-hour CPR lesson, based on the ERC Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015. Nine teachers, recently trained in CPR for the purposes of this study, provided the lesson. The schoolchildren’s levels of knowledge about CPR, their self-efficacy in performing CPR and attitudes towards learning CPR were measured using a specifically designed questionnaire, both pre- and post-training. 
Results: A total of 106 schoolchildren in the sixth grade across five primary schools completed this study. Training improved their scores significantly in all three questionnaire sections: knowledge scores improved from 0.66 ± 0.09 to 0.84 ± 0.09 (p<0.01), self-efficacy from 3.21 ± 0.83 to 3.74 ± 0.69 (p<0.01) and attitudes from 4.51 ± 0.54 to 4.77 ± 0.36 (p<0.01).
Conclusions: This study clearly demonstrates that a 3-hour ERC guideline compliant CPR training lesson, conducted by teachers to 11 to 12-year-old children, imparted new knowledge, enhanced the children’s belief in their own ability to perform CPR and improved their attitudes towards learning CPR. In addition, this study, a first for the Greek educational system, proves that the education of schoolchildren in CPR can be implemented in school settings by the existing teaching stuff. Finally, these results can form the solid basis for a new policy on integrating CPR training as mandatory part of course curriculum in the Greek school.

4 - Knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes of Greek primary schoolchildren towards Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation