Association of Depression with Healthy Eating practice among diabetic and non diabetic cases in Kolkata, India
Taslima khatun1, Dr Debdeep Mukharjee2, Dr Md Asirul Hoque1, Dr Tuhin Kanti Biswas3
1Faculty of Public Health, Dept of Community Nutrition, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Bangladesh; Email tasumoni11@yahoo.com
 2Quality Manager, ,West Bengal Govt. District Hospital, Purulia, India, 
3Lecturer cum visiting physician, Dept of international medicine, State ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital; India.
Abstract:
Background and aims: Depression level and poor dietary practice are independently associated with poor glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the relationship between them is still ambiguous. The aim of this study was to determine the association between dietary quality and symptoms of depression among diabetic and non diabetic Indians living in Kolkata.
Materials and methods: In this cross sectional analytical study total 510 subjects along with 155 diabetes mellitus (DM) subjects and 355 healthy non diabetes mellitus (NDM) subjects were studied purposively. The subjects of DM and NDM were collected from Department of Internal Medicine, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata. Face to face interview was done. Study subjects were determined by a 24 hr recall method questionnaire and food intake pattern was measured by a specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for 30 days. Quality of diet was determined using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-10) score. The HEI-2010 comprises 12 components that sum to a maximum total score of 100. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data was analyzed with univariate and multivariate techniques by using SPSS18.0 for windows.
Results: Diabetic subjects were more depressed compared to their counterparts (41.6 vs. 29.9 respectively, p <0.001). More than half (57.4%) of the diabetic subjects were extreme depressed, where rest of them were either moderate depressed (16.1%) or severe depressed (26.5%). On the other hand NDM subjects only 18.0% had extreme depressed, where rest of the subjects were either normal ups and downs or mild mood disturbed. Significant difference was found in DM and NDM subjects (<0.001). Healthy Eating Index 10 (HEI-10) score were less among for depression diabetic subjects (31.87 ± 8.62) than non-diabetic subjects (42.88 ± 7.88) (p<0.001). The level of depression associated with healthy eating index scores among the study subjects, whereas p value was <0.001.
Conclusion: Diabetic depressed people are living in Kolkata with low quality of dietary intake. Symptoms of depression are higher among diabetic cases, where healthy eating index scores were higher among non diabetic subjects. For both issues hereby needed comprehensive intervention.

Association of depression with healthy eating practice among diabetic and non diabetic cases in Kolkata, India