Objective To investigate the changes of brain function after thalamic infarction by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (resting-state fMRI，rs-fMRI), and to explore the relationship between fMRI and cognitive function. Method A total of 29 patients with thalamic infarction were selected as the case group,30 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group, the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was selected as the region of interest (ROI), and the functional connectivity (FC) and low frequency amplitude (ALFF) values of the whole brain and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex were calculated in two groups. Results Brain ALFF enhanced left orbital frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus and right dorsolateral frontal gyrus, left dorsolateral frontal gyrus,the ALFF of the right precentral gyrus was positively correlated with the overall cognition score. Brain ALFF was impaired in left medial frontal gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, right prefrontal cortex,right prefrontal ALFF reduction was positively correlated with the overall cognition score. Compared with the normal group, the functional connectivity between the left middle frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate gyrus was significantly  enhanced in patients with thalamic infarction, and the results were not significantly correlated with the overall cognition score.Conclusion The ALFF in some brain regions of the patients was decreased, and ALFF in some brain areas was enhanced, and there was a positive correlation between the ALFF of the right prefrontal lobe and the overall score of cognitive function, and the ALFF enhancement in the right precentral gyrus was positively correlated with the general cognition.

Brain functional connectivity based on Resting-state and its relationship with cognitive function in patients with thalamic infarction