Coronary Artery Disease is the most common complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Lifestyle modification can be of major benefit in preventing associated complication especially Coronary Artery Disease among patients with Diabetes Mellitus. A quantitative evaluative research approach was carried out to assess knowledge and effect of Nurse-Led intervention on knowledge of patients with Diabetes Mellitus. 40 patients with Diabetes Mellitus were selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique. Demographic data revealed  that most of the patients with Diabetes Mellitus 16 (40%) belonged to the age group 50 - >60, 23 (57.5%) male, 34 (85%) married and 13 (32.5%) had completed higher secondary education, 30 (75%) belonged to urban area, 18 (45%) didn’t have any known case of diabetes in the family whereas 11 (27.5%) had the history of diabetes in their parents. 17 (42.5%) had complained of Hypertension, 12 (30%) was obese , 9 (22.5%) had eye diseases and 2 (5%) had kidney diseases. Lifestyle characteristics showed 22 (55%) was vegetarian, 29 (72.5%) never did smoking, 26 (65%) did not do exercise daily, 33 (82.5%) was not adopted any form of recreational activity, 24 (60%) was using Peanut oil as cooking oil and (67.5%) visited doctor regularly. The overall mean post-interventional knowledge was 21.2 (SD±4.03) and the mean pre-interventional knowledge was 13 (SD±4.31). The paired ‘t’ value 8.7 showed that there was a significant improvement between pre and post interventional knowledge at significance level of P<0.05 at all the aspects of knowledge variables. The chi-square value showed the significant association with selected demographic variables (level of education, monthly income, duration of diabetes in years and any other health problem with diabetes) and with selected lifestyle variables (doctor visits by the patients with Diabetes Mellitus) at the level of 0.05. The results suggested that selected Nurse-Led Intervention is effective to improve the knowledge of the patients with Diabetes Mellitus regarding lifestyle modification to reduce the risk of Coronary Artery Disease and selected demographic and lifestyle variables are the independent in relation to pre-interventional knowledge.

Lifestyle modification to reduce the risk of coronary artery disease among patients with diabetes mellitus