Two new species within Fusarium solani complex isolated from human nails in Colombia.
Guevara-Suarez M, Guarro J, Restrepo S, Celis A.

Objective: The species of the genus Neocosmospora (formerly as the ‘Fusarium solani’ complex, FSSC) are frequently associated to animal and human fungal infections. In a previous study on the occurrence of fusaria from onychomycosis in Colombia, it was found that members of this complex represented the 51% of the isolates analyzed. However, two isolates could not be identified as belonging to any phylogenetic species of this complex. The main goal of this study was to resolve the taxonomy of these isolates.
Methods: We performed a polyphasic study using the following characters: ability of growing at 10 ºC, 15 ºC, 25 ºC, 30 ºC and 37 ºC;  growth in different culture media i.e. potato dextrose agar (PDA), carnation leaf agar (CLA), oatmeal agar (OA) and potato carrot agar (PCA); micromorphological and multi-locus analyses based on internal transcribed spacer region of the rDNA (ITS), large sub-unit of the rDNA (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes. 
Results: Based on results, we considered that the isolates analyzed correspond to two new species, which were characterized by yellowish colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA), ability to grow at 37 ºC and microscopic features compatible with species within FSSC. Sexual morph was not observed. Phylogenetic analyses showed that one of the isolates (LEMM 110739) is phylogenetically related to N. petroliphila (formerly Fusarium petroliphilum FSSC-1) while the other fungus (LEMM 111347) formed a distant branch within the clade of N. metavorans, N. petroliphila (clinically relevant species) and with the isolate LEMM 110739. 
Conclusion: The two new species are described, illustrated and proposed as N. onychola and N. ceperiensis.