Identifying single particle strain of first cycle battery cathode materials is an important step to understanding degradation pathways of bulk materials. Bulk stable LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 (LiNMC) single particles of size 200 * 300 nm were studied using Scanning X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy (SXDM) and Ptychographic Microscopy. With resolutions of 30 nm and 5 nm respectively it was possible to map the inter-particle (003) reflection and nickel oxidation state changes at different states of charge. eg. (Pristine, Charged to 4.75V, Discharged to 2.7V). Figures 1 shows the SXDM mapping for first cycle charged material. It has been concluded during the first cycle point defects are likely to arise in the charged state, even though upon discharging the cells, particles return to fully pristine states. To get a better understanding of the Charged state, ptychographic measurements of the Ni-L3 edge, shown in Figure 2, were carried out. It can bee seen the surface Ni oxidation state is lower than that found in the center of the particle. Being able to identify points of single particle strain at different length scales for all states of charge is a necessary step in understanding the degredation mechanisms of current lithium-ion battery cathode materials.

Nanoscale crystal strain and oxidation state mapping of primary LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 particles

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.