We investigated the development of lignin-based carbon materials from softwood, hardwood, and herbaceous sources isolated by kraft and organosolv methods. Feedstock and pulping methods were selected to provide a range in principal monomeric units—guaiacyl, <i>p</i>-hydroxyphenyl, and syringyl—and physicochemical characteristics of the lignin. Carefully controlled processing methods were used to obtain either fiber, porous, or graphitic structure. Small angle and total scattering data were collected at neutron and synchrotron sources for lignin-based carbons to determine the influence of feedstock and processing conditiondions. Statistical analysis for over fifty carbon materials was performed to determine the influence of lignin chemistry and processing conditions, which include feedstock, extraction method, gas composition, and reducing temperature. Results indicate that the correlations between reduction temperature and intensity of various x-ray peaks are qualitatively different and sometimes of opposite sign as a function of feedstock. All the analyses support that graphitic structures form and grow in size as reduction temperature increases. These results suggest that kraft softwood and organosolv switchgrass produce large graphitic structures of size comparable to commercial graphite.<br/>

Controlled development of carbon structure from lignin feedstocks

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.