The metals found in urban stormwater runoff have the potential to detrimentally impact ecosystem and/or human health. Infiltration based green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) is increasingly being employed to address both water quantity and quality concerns. This study evaluates sorbent media amendments to improve contaminant removal. Batch experiments were performed to determine the adsorption capacity of five potential soil amendment materials derived from affordable and abundant sources (Biochar (BC), Iron amended biochar (FeBC), Iron chips (FeCh), Scrap tire (ST) and Coir coconut (CC)) for six common toxic metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni).  Adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated, and it was observed that the isotherms of metals were fitted well by both Langmuir and Freundlich model, and the kinetic data were described well by the pseudo-second order for all selected adsorbents and metals, so adsorption process was assumed to be due to chemisorption. The extent of adsorption and removal of metals was found to be dependent on the type and concentration of metal as well as the filter material, as CC and FeCh showed high removal efficiencies of all desired metals (90-99%), but ST (20-99%) and BC (2-97%) had varying removal efficiencies of selected metals with no Zn removal by ST. Finally, FeBC had the worst performance removing only Pb and Cr (20-93%), and no removal of Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd. The adsorption mechanism of these adsorbents was mainly attributed to the interaction between metal ions and surface functional groups of adsorbents such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and carbonyl groups, so adsorption capacities of adsorbents varies based on the diversity and number of functional groups of their surfaces.  The ongoing study is going to evaluate the effect of different parameters (pH, ionic strength, and dissolve organic carbon) on removal efficiency of selected adsorbents. For the future work, surface characterization of adsorbents will be investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Moreover, bioretention columns will be designed using six different filter media to evaluate the effect of different media on hydraulic conductivity and removal of pollutant.

Comparison of different filter media materials for metals removal from urban stormwater runoff using green stormwater infrastructure

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.