Genome-wide analysis of transcription factor binding events has shown that interactions are associated with localized chromatin transitions characterized as nuclease hypersensitive sites [(DHS) Mol. Cell 29: 611; Nat. Genetics 43:264; EMBO J 30:1459; Mol. Cell 43:145; EMBO J 30:3028; Cell 146: Aug 19, 2011].  These transitions are directly induced by the activating protein (de novo sites), or pre-exist in the chromatin structure (pre-programmed sites).  The presence of these locally open chromatin regions is highly cell specific, and is a major contributor to cell selective transcription factor function.  Transcription factors require the assistance of ATP-dependent remodeling proteins to effect these reorganization events; numerous remodeling systems have now been characterized.  We will discuss the genome wide role of multiple remodeling systems in the formation of DHS elements, and will present a general model for enhancer function.

How transcription factors bind to chromatin

243rd National Meeting (2012)

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