Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with high capacities, high rates, long cycle lives, wide temperature ranges, and improved safety are needed for numerous applications including electric vehicles, aircraft, and consumer electronics.  The electrolyte composition and the interface formed between the electrolyte and the electrodes are key factors that influence the performance of lithium-ion batteries.  In addition to the electrolyte composition, the nature of the interfacial layer, referred to as the solid�electrolyte interface (SEI), is critical for obtaining high rate capabilities, acceptable low temperature performance, and sufficient high temperature stability.  The type and nature of the interfacial layers critically depends on the electrode surface structure, electrolyte composition, and electrochemical formation conditions.  Various strategies have been undertaken to develop improved interfacial layers including using electrolyte additives and electrode coatings, however many approaches result in inadequate rate capabilities, low temperature performance and high temperature stability. Electrolyte compositions were developed to provide low interfacial resistances while also providing high temperature stability. Electrochemical testing, both galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance, showed that electrolytes containing specific compounds resulted in cells that had low interfacial resistances, provide high rate operation (=5 C), allowed operation at low temperatures (down to �40 �C),  and provided reasonable high temperature stability (up to +71 �C). This supports that the design of the interface can provide high performance lithium-ion batteries with high rates and wide temperature operation.

Designed electrolytes and electrolyte-electrode interfacesfor high performance lithium-ion batteries

247th National Meeting (2014)

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