Rechargeable battery systems with different transporting ions that can provide an alternative choice to Li batteries would bring substantial relief and expansion of the existing energy storage market. To achieve substantially greater energy density than Li-ion magnesium batteries are the most promising technology. Furthermore, because of its �green� character Mg is environmentally friendly, with high natural abundance in the Earth's crust (13.9% as compared to 0.0007 % for Li), and atmospheric stability. Due to the divalent nature of Mgions and the use of a magnesium metal anode, magnesium batteries can obtain higher energy density than state-of-the-art lithium batteries. However, magnesium electrochemistry suffers from serious limitations due to anode/electrolyte incompatibility. In 2008, the Aurbach group at Bar-Ilan University made a key breakthrough in rechargeable magnesium battery technology demonstrating the battery with an electrolyte solution based on Mg organohaloaluminate salts, a magnesium metal anode, and an MgxMo3S4 cathode1. However, such a design exhibits relatively narrow electrochemical stability window (up to 2.2 V vs. Mg) limiting greatly the choice of cathodes and ultimately its potential specific energy. Alternative material families, as well as new design approaches, are highly desirable for ultimate industrialization of Mg secondary batteries.Some researchers are searching for new electrolytes that work well with magnesium metal. Another potential solution is to use a different type of anode, one that works with familiar, conventional electrolytes. There have been recent and encouraging experimentations on Mg batteries with Sb, Sn, and Bi anodes by Singh et al.2Exploration for new cathode materials for rechargeable Mg batteries is focused on intercalation compounds exhibiting a higher working potential and capacity. Nanostructured bilayered V2O5 is highly efficient 3 V cathode material for ambient temperature sodium ion batteries3. It shows superb performance: theoretical reversible capacity for Na2V2O5 stoichiometry of 250 mAh/g, excellent rate capability and cycle life, as well as high energy and power densities. Our preliminary results show that it is possible to extend the reversible ion-insertion chemistry of nanostructured layered V2O5 beyond lithium and larger in size Na+ ions to those with higher charge: Mg2+ions.

Nanostructured V2O5/Sn Mg-ion full batteries

248th National Meeting (2014)

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