Identification of retained surgical items (RSI) and implantable medical devices is always a challenge. For example, in a laparoscopic surgery, losing surgical needles may convert a minimally invasive surgery into an open surgery. Using X-ray or MRI to locate the medical devices means moving the patient, closing the wound or exposing medical team and patient to hazard radiation. In this study, we used dansyl chloride (DC) and indocyanine green (ICG) dyes as visible and near infrared (NIR) marker. Epoxy adhesive was used to bind the dyes and form a film on the surface of medical devices by dip coating method. After curing the coated film emitted green fluorescence (520 nm) under a 12V black light and a near infrared emission (&gt;1000 nm) under a standard near infrared laser source on laparoscopic equipment. To study the visualization of the dyes an in vivo needle searching protocol was set up. Needles were hidden in live rabbits blindly to the surgeons and searching and locating were performed under black light or laparoscopic NIR light source. 100% of fluorescent needles were located in 5 minutes with assistance of black light and NIR camera, only 75% needles were located in 5 minutes with white light visualization method (n=26). Time to identification was evaluated for statistical significance, p&lt;.05. For ultrasound imaging, 2 um silica hollow shells were coated on DC/ICG/epoxy film with cyanoacrylate as binding agent. The hollow microshells can be activated by widely used clinic ultrasound equipment and give strong color Doppler signals. In vivo study indicated that using clinic transducer the microshells/cyanoacrylate coated surgical needles could be located under skins, mesenteries and organs. This tri-function film can be coated on other medical devices made with metal, glass or plastic. This a safe, fast and non-invasive imaging techonology for in vivo medical devices locating.

Ultrasound activated and fluorescent film for in vivo bio-imaging

253rd National Meeting (2017)

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