Catalysis promises to deliver key advantages in modern synthesis regarding the efficient use of limited reserves of fossil resources and precious metals. However, it still faces major challenges regarding environmental impacts. In this contribution, two case studies of novel process developments applying multiphase micellar solvent systems in industrially relevant homogenous catalysis will be assessed combining techno-economic assessment (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA).<br/>Case study A is a large-scale scenario of a multiphase hydroformylation of dodecene (C12) with highly selective water-soluble rhodium catalysts in a surfactant-based microemulsion system. In this project, C12 alkenes serve as model substrate for potential biobased longchain derivatives. In a continuous miniplant operation under mild conditions, temperature-induced phase separation of the reaction mixture was demonstrated enabling nearly quantitative recycling of the aqueous catalyst phase. Compared to conventional single-phase cobalt catalysis, the approach promises to be economically competitive and environmentally favorable: Besides energy efficient reuse of the highly selective rhodium catalyst, organic waste is prevented using water as benign solvent. In case study B this approach is transferred to a laboratory-stage hydroxycarbonylation reaction of dodecene. Both the recycling of the water-soluble palladium catalyst and the use of ionic liquids as surfactants will be highlighted regarding their environmental impact.  Furthermore, the methodological approach using TEA and LCA for projects in early development stages will be discussed. Special emphasis will be given to specific challenges in assessment of homogenous catalysis. Additionally, an approach for an early analysis of social hotspots along the R&D process will be introduced reflecting the concept of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA).

Switchable micellar solvent systems: Discussing the potential of homogenous catalysis in water guided by techno-economic assessment and life cycle assessment

256th National Meeting (2018)

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