Atomically thin crystals have rapidly emerged to enable two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures with unusual electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties.  While graphene has been the forerunner and hallmark of 2D crystals, new compound and single-element 2D semiconductors also offer very attractive attributes beyond those of graphene’s.  Atomic layers of black phosphorus derived from their layered bulk crystals make a direct bandgap semiconductor whose bandgap covers a wide range from visible to infrared, depending on thickness and can be continuously tuned by mechanical strain.  Black phosphorus also offers high carrier mobility and has unique, strong in-plane anisotropy in all its major physical properties, between the armchair (AC) and zigzag (ZZ) directions.  Such an unusual ensemble of unique characteristics enables a wonderful new platform for studying fundamental multiphysical coupling effects, and for innovating new devices for potential technological applications.  This presentation will focus on describing suspended black phosphorus nanostructures, where engineerable mechanical degrees of freedom can be exploited to investigate and precisely probe characteristics in other signal domains (including electronic, optical, and thermal, etc.).  These black phosphorus nanostructures also naturally make new 2D nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) where static and dynamic mechanical properties can be coupled to electronic and optical signals, to enable novel transducers and signal processing functions.  This presentation will first introduce the key experimental techniques for realizing and interrogating suspended black phosphorus nanostructures.  It will then focus on discussing the anisotropic mechanical properties (including elastic modulus and built-in tension) and anisotropic thermal conductivities, all carefully measured by employing suspended black phosphorus crystals.  It will also showcase new techniques for non-invasively and precisely determining the anisotropic crystal directions in the black phosphorus device platform, and discuss potential applications of these black phosphorus 2D devices, including ultrasensitive photo detection and highly tunable multimode radio frequency nanosystems. <br/>

Suspended black phosphorous nanostructures: From fundamentals to device technologies

256th National Meeting (2018)

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