Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging method of electrochemical brackish water desalination that advantageously couples salt removal with electrochemical energy storage. The charge efficiency (CE) of a CDI cell, defined as the ratio of adsorbed charge to applied charge, is a critical cell performance metric, as it directly relates to salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and thermodynamic efficiency. Several strategies have been proposed to improve CE by introducing complementary fixed charge groups to promote counter ion storage within capacitive electrode macro- and micropores. These strategies include placing ion exchange membranes (IEMs) between the electrodes and desalination channel, fixing charge directly onto the carbon surface, and incorporating charged polymers within the electrode macrostructure with binders. In this talk we will present simulated and experimental evidence that reveals how the location and density of fixed charge groups in conjunction with cell cycling behavior can dramatically impact CDI sorption capacity and energy efficiency.<br/> <br/>

Role of location and abundance of fixed chemical charge in improving the performance of capacitive deionization systems

2019 Spring National Meeting

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