Fibrillated Nanocellulose (NFC) is a non-toxic, one dimensional (1D) nanomaterial engineered from abundantly found cellulose sources. NFC is produced in the form of a stable thixotropic hydrogel. The hydroxyl groups in the NFC matrix provide efficient reactive sites for chemical reactions, modifications, and post-treatments. Due to such chemical and structural significances, NFC becomes a perfect alternative for creating green chemistry to the textile coatings including dyeing technologies which substantially reduce consumption of water and release of hazardous effluents to the environment. NFC based sustainable textile dyeing technology involves reacting textile dyes with NFC and forming a NFC-dye hydrogel. The dye fixed to nanocellulose is converted to a fibrous pigment (on the nanoscale). NFC ensures the permanent retention of the dye via a combination of strong hydrogen bonds and fibrous (entanglements) mechanism of adhesion.NFC based sustainable textile dyeing technology promises more than 80% dye fixation, excellent dye performance, and colorfastness. This technology consumes ten times less water and dye auxiliaries compared to the exhaust dyeing method.<br/><br/>Soluble sugars presence in NFC hydrogel plays a pivotal role in achieving a high level of dye fixation. Chemical analysis of soluble sugars reactivity in NFC dye dispersions has shown that soluble sugars favor dye fixation through the chemical crosslinking post-treatments. Developed post-treatment is involved using polycarboxylic acids as the crosslinking agent. Polycarboxylic acids can make ester crosslinks between fabric cellulose fibers and NFC matrixes that carry covalently bonded dye molecules. Hence, chemical crosslinks can fix NFC-pigment permanently to the fabric surface. Thus, dye performances (fixation, colorfastness, and color retention) can be further enhanced, and dye discharge during the washing process can be significantly reduced.

Colloidal chemistry of NFC based sustainable textile dyeing technology and factors affecting dye performance

2019 Spring National Meeting

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