Rechargeable Li-ion batteries revolutionized portable energy storage, but the fundamental limitations imposed by intercalation chemistry and the cost associated with common components in Li-ion cells drive the need for new batteries. The search for these so called “beyond Li-ion” technologies include systems based on conversion cathodes, multi-electron intercalation cathodes, and new working ions, to name a few. Here, we focus on chemistries that employ divalent working ions. Divalent ions are promising alternatives to Li-based chemistry as they enable reversible metal anodes while using abundant and inexpensive resources. The intricacies of divalent cation electrochemistry range from the complex coordination complexes in electrolyte solutions, to unstable interfaces, to difficulties in divalent cation conduction in the solid-state. We will explore aspects of these key challenges in the context divalent ion conductivity in the solid-state. To begin understanding the fundamental mechanisms of solid-state divalent ion diffusion, we have developed and characterized an electronically insulating, divalent ion conductor. ZnPS3 supports Zn2+ conduction with low activation energies, thanks to the [P2S6]4- polyanion. The ion diffusion pathways in ZnPS3 and future strategies towards higher conductivity materials will be discussed.

Solid-state divalent ion conduction in ZnPS3

2019 Fall National Meeting

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