Graphite pencil electrode has received great attraction in various analytes' electrochemical sensing due to its cost-effectiveness and facile availability. Graphite pencil electrode offers another advantage of disposability and immediate readiness of the new surface for analysis. These attractive features most of the electrodes are missing. Graphite electrodes can easily modify with various advanced materials such as metal-based nanoparticles, polymeric materials, and graphene. Due to its magical features, graphene and its derivatives are extensively explored to develop highly electroactive sensors for selective and sensitive sensing of analytes. Graphene oxide can be electrochemically reduced on the graphite pencil electrode's surface to produce a reduced graphene oxide modified graphite pencil electrode. The reduced graphene oxide has improved the graphite pencil electrode's surface activity. This activity can be further improved by simultaneously reducing the graphene oxide and the methylene blue that provided the extensive wrinkled reduced graphene oxide on the graphite pencil electrode's surface. The modified graphite pencil electrode has revealed a great capacity to resolve the analytes' peaks that appeared at a close potential, such as dopamine and uric acid. The modification of the surface is so facile that it can be modified in a short time to develop a single time use electrode.

Modified graphite pencil electrode: A sensitive and cost-effective tool for trace level quantification of analytes

ACS Spring Meeting 2021

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