An inexpensive energy storage device with excellent rechargeability and safety presents a transformative opportunity for renewable energy storage. Here we present an aqueous all-iron battery at near neutral pH based on the following chemical reaction for storing energy: At Anode: Fe0 ↔ Fe2+ + 2e- Eo = -0.44 V At Cathode: Fe3+ + 1e- ↔ Fe2+ Eo = 0.77 V Graphite sheets act as current collectors and a porous cellulose acetate membrane separates the anodic and cathodic compartments. The cell employs 1% (w/w) of methyl viologen and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) as redox mediators at the anode and cathode respectively. The result is a highly rechargeable, low-cost energy storage system with a good price-performance ratio compared to commercial rechargeable batteries.

An inexpensive, robust, and rechargeable aqueous all Iron battery for energy storage and power buffering

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