The synthesis of zeolites without organic structuring agents and solvents is currently a production alternative that reduces the generation of liquid residues and gaseous pollutants compared to the conventional solvothermal method; and different types of zeolites have been synthesized through this method with excellent results. However, some aspects, such as the role of the milling process or the composition of the initial mixture of precursors, need to be further understood since understanding the effect of these variables would facilitate an industrial scale projection. Accordingly, in this work were studied the effect of variation in the milling time, milling speed, the Na2O/SiO2, and H2O/SiO2 molar ratio on the physicochemical properties of materials and their catalytic performance in the reaction of phenol alkylation with tert-butanol. The results showed that among the studied variables, the Na2O/SiO2 ratio and the milling speed had the most significant influence. High molar ratio Na2O/SiO2 values make material recovery after milling difficult and promote the preferential formation of mordenite zeolite (MOR) over the ZSM-5. Regarding the milling speed, its increase had a positive effect on to some extent on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of the materials. However, for very high values, its impact was negative. Overall, this contribution is aiming to deepen the understanding of the synthesis of a ZSM-5 zeolite by a mechanochemical approach.

Solvent-free and Organic Template-free of ZSM-5 zeolite: Effect of the synthesis variables

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