A study was carried out on the incorporation of the ionic liquid tetrabutylphosphonium (B4PI) in the active layer of a MAPbI3 perovskite cell. B4PI significantly improved the crystallinity and quality of the perovskite film.
1.5% of B4PI improved the stability and PV performance. The PCE of champion PSC featuring the thin films of MA98.5 (B4PI) 1.5PbI3, increases significantly to 15.5%, with a VOC, JSC and FF of 0.957 mV, 3.6 mA cm-2, and 68.4%, respectively.
Lower efficiencies were achieved when the percentage was increased, however, stability tests on photovoltaic devices showed that when B4PI is incorporated at 20%, the cell MA80 (B4PI) 20PbI3 retains 80% of its efficiency and is attributed to the formation of a 2D perovskite that passivates the perovskite surface and prevents recombination

Study on photovoltaic stability and performance by incorporación tetrabutyl phosphonium iodide into active layer of a perovskita type photovoltaic cell

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