Background: Fertility and mortality have been considered as key health indicators of a population. Childhood and adolescent death percentages are still very high in developing countries like India. Several confounding factors are responsible for these early deaths.

Aim: Present study tried to find out the factors those are associated with childhood mortalities (deaths of under-five).

Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional data have been collected on fertility, mortality and socio-economic characteristics from ever-married Oraon women. Descriptive statistics was done. Cox proportional hazard analysis was carried out to find out the confounding factors of fertility and mortality of the population.

Results: The study found that both fertility and mortality rates of the population was high. The hazards analysis indicates that age, marriage age, educational status, occupations of women were the most influencing factors of childhood mortality rates.

Conclusion: The present study indicates that several socio-economic factors are influencing the health of women and thereby controlling the under-five mortality rates. Educational qualification of women is one of the most influencing confounding factors that had a significant impact on mortality rates of Oraon labourers.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF CHILDHOOD MORTALITY: A STUDY ON ORAON LABOURERS OF ALIPURDUAR DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL, INDIA