Diabetes insipidus in neuro-intensive care unit: clinical, etiological and assistance aspects.
A.Naili, H.Triki, S.Bouderra
Intensive care unit - EPH Sidi-Ghiles (Algeria).
Introduction:
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is defined by the inability to retain free water, it is due to an insufficient release of the anti-diuretic hormone by the hypothalamus. CDI is one of the complications to look for after neurosurgery, or cranial trauma, it can be transient in 30% of cases, and definitive in 2% -10% of cases.
Patients and methods:
It is about a retrospective study of 530 patients hospitalized in our department from June 1st, 2015 to January 31, 2016, of which 25 patients had central diabetes insipidus, which means a frequency of 5%. Clinical, para-clinical, etiological and therapeutic data were collected from the hospitalization records.
Results:
In a series of 530 patients hospitalized during the defined period, the number of patients with central diabetes insipidus was 25, which means an incidence rate of 5%, the average age was 46 years. Trans-sphenoidal pituitary surgery was the leading cause of central diabetes insipidus with a rate of 64%.
With hormone therapy and good rehydration, diabetes was transient in 24 patients, a rate of 96%, and definitive in 1 patient or a rate of 4%.
Conclusion:
The incidence of central diabetes insipidus in neuro-intensive care unit is certainly not negligible, it is for this reason that it must be diagnosed early in order to allow a better multidisciplinary assistance.