The aim of the present work was to reveal correlation between glycemia indices, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI)   in pregnant patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and their infants’ birth weight (IBW).
Methods: Totally, 277 pregnant women with T1DM were enrolled in the study (mean age - 277yrs; diabetes duration – 11.2 5.4yrs).  Patients with nephropathy were excluded.  Strict metabolic control was maintained and fetal surveillance was performed  throughout the pregnancies. Data obtained for home-blood glucose monitoring (seven-point profiles), postprandial  (PG), fasting (FG), mean blood glucose (MG), HbA1c in the 3rd  trimester of pregnancy were analysed. Healthy infants were born to diabetic mothers at 38-40  week of gestation. 
According to the   IBW, the patients were devided into 2 groups (GR): 

GR.1 - n=201,  IBW < 4 000g;  
Gr. 2 - n=76, IBW >4 000g.

Results. Healthy infants were born to diabetic mothers at 38-40  week of gestation. Their birth weight was 3 383 ± 358.3g in Gr.1 and 
4 218 ±414.3g in Gr.2.  Macrosomia  (BW >4 000 g) was observed in 76 (27.4%) out of the 277 newborns.

In the 3rd trimester of pregnancy - HbA1c (%), PG, FG and MG (mg/dl)  levels were statistically higher in  GR.2,  than in Gr.1: HbA1c (7.2 ±1.38  vs 6.1± 1.71, P<0.001), PG (P=0.000),  FG (P=0.000), MG (P=0.000), Table 1, Fig.1.  
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) indices were higher in Gr.2, than in Gr.1 ( 27.2± 0.58 vs 22.5± 0.62; P<0.001), Table 1.     

                                            Gr.1
In Gr.1 we observed week correlation between IBW and pre-pregnancy BMI (r-0.418; P=0.01),  and no significant interaction between  IBW and HbA1c, FG,PG,MG, (Fig.2). 



                                                Gr.2
In Gr.2 we observed strong correlation between IBW and PG (r-0.882; P=0.000), IBW and pre-pregnancy BMI (r-0.866; P=0.001), Table 1, Fig.4,5. 
In Gr.2 we observed strong week correlations between   IBW and HbA1c ( r-0.593;P=0.03), IBW and MG (r-0.611;P=0.002), and no correlation between IBW and FG, Table.1, Fig.3 


Summary. 
In women  with T1DM, in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, fasting, mean glycemia and HbA1c  - do not always predict increase in fetal weight, while pre-pregnancy BMI and postprandial glycemia significantly associated with macrosomoia.

Glycemia controls during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy BMI on the risk of newborn macrosomia in patients with T1DM