Background: Intensive care and anaesthesiology residency is challenging with long hours, night calls and a high level of stress. The authors aimed to evaluate the consequences of anaesthesiology and intensive care residency on sleep, physical activity and stress using connected wristbands in real life conditions.
Methods: Twenty French anaesthesiology and intensive care residents wore a connected wristband during 2 consecutive months allowing real time monitoring of sleep (duration), physical activity (steps, floors climbed, metabolic equivalent of task (MET)) and heart rate 24 hours a day. Residents also responded to the Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10) questionnaire and self-evaluation questionnaire on sleep duration needs allowing to calculate and sleep debt defined as the difference between sleep needs and actual sleep duration measured. Collected data were compared between working days (regular and call days) and holidays.
Results: 
One thousand and eighteen working days (189 on call days and 829 regular working days) and 302 free days were analysed. Median sleep time was 392 minutes [320-455] on working days compared to 225 minutes [159-316] on call days (p<0.0001) and 452 minutes  [375-516] on holidays (p<0,0001). Cumulated sleep debt was 65 hours [28,7-82,5] per resident during the 2 months period. Daily walking distance per resident was 8,3 [6,3-10,8] km corresponding to 11888 [9109-15755] steps. Physical activity >3MET was significantly longer during call days compared to regular days, 385 minutes [328-437] versus 323 minutes [251-392] respectively (p<0.0001) and longer during working days than during holidays (336 [265-408] versus 301 minutes [234-362] respectively, p<0,0001).
 Heart rate did not vary significantly between regular (65 bpm), call days (65 bpm) and holidays (66 bpm). Median PSS-10 score was 21 points [20-26].
Conclusion: Using connected wristbands, an innovative method to quantify sleep and physical activity, we observe that anaesthesiology and intensive care residents exhibit significant sleep debt and physical activity during night calls compared to regular days and holidays.


02 / Sleep, stress pattern and physical activity in anaesthesiology and intensive care residents: a connected pilot study