COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN MALNOURISHED AND STUNTED CHILDREN
Setyo Handryastuti, Hardiono Pusponegoro, Ivan Riyanto Widjaja, Achmad Rafli
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia 
Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta

Background
In Indonesia, prevalence of stunting is 30.8% while malnutrition is 17.7%. Stunting and malnutrition might be related to impaired cognitive development. 
Aims
To determine cognitive development in stunted children, malnourished children without stunting and constitutional short stature. 
Methods
Cross sectional study was done in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Pediatric Clinic to children aged 6 month-3 years old. Anthropometry was calculated based on WHO growth chart. Cognitive development was assessed with Bayley Scales of Infant Development Third Editions (BAYLEY-III).
Results
Fifty-eight children aged less than 3 years were enrolled in this study (26 children with stunting, 25 children with malnutrition without stunting, and 7 children with constitutional short stature). Age of subjects were 11(2.0-34.0), 13.0(2.0-38.0), and 26.0(16.0-33.0) respectively. BAYLEY-III percentile in cognitive scale were 12.5(0.1-75), 16(0.1-99.9), 37.0(0.1-99) (p=0.274)
Discussion
Stunting children showed worst cognitive function compared to malnourished children and constitutional short stature, while malnourished children were worse compared to constitutional short children, although it was not significant. 
Difference in age and small number of subjects in constitutional short stature was related to difficulty in diagnosing constitutional short stature in children aged <3 years. 

Conflict of interest: None
Topic: Other or childhood and adolescence
Registration Number: 497
Prof. Hardiono Djoened Poesponegoro
Correspondence: Hardiono Pusponegoro, email: hardiono@anakku.net
Address: Jl. Tanah Mas I No. 15, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
Phone: +62811900055

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN STUNTING AND MALNOURISHED CHILDREN