Introduction:
Research has highlighted the strong relationship between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and cigarette smoking. Individuals with PTSD are more likely to smoke more heavily. They have increased prevalence of nicotine dependence, and have close to the worst quit rates in comparison with patients with other psychiatric conditions. 

Methods:
A cross-sectional correlational study of a sample of 30 military members treated for PTSD in the principal military hospital was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of cigarette smoking and the risk factors underlying this condition. The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL5), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD), and the fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence were administered for patients.

Results:
All the patients assessed were male. Eighty per cent of patients were smokers. Roughly half of participants were dependent on nicotine. Sixteen per cent of patients show high levels of nicotine dependence. 
Severity of nicotine was positively associated with: 
	Total PTSD symptoms, 
	Hyperarousal symptoms, 
	Avoidance symptoms, 
	Celibacy. 
Fagerstrom score was significantly associated with HAD total scores.

Conclusions:
The results of this study illustrate the high prevalence of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence among individuals with PTSD. Anxiety and depression may be related to smoking through a separate pathway from PTSD symptoms.

IMPACT OF COMORBID DEPRESSION ON SMOKING BEHAVIOR IN TRAUMA VICTIMS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER