To enable more wide spread adoption of electric vehicles, extensive research efforts are devoted to increasing the fast charging capabilities of lithium-ion batteries. Fast charging of current generation batteries is generally limited by the carbon anode, with lithium metal plating being a primary concern. We are taking a two-pronged approach to address this concern. In order to minimize liquid phase concentration gradient for lithium ions, we have developed a miniature surface acoustic wave device that can promote turbulent mixing of electrolyte solutions. The device consumes minimal amount of power. This approach has been shown to be effective in enabling &gt; 3C charge and discharge. On the other hand, we have been developing new anode materials with working potentials slightly higher than that of graphite in order to eliminate the possibility of driving the anode potential to that below lithium metal. In this regard, we discovered a new metal oxide intercalation material with a working potential of ~ 0.6 V. This potential is a significant improvement over that of lithium titanate, a commercialized fast charging anode, which operates at 1.5 V. Computational and structural analysis reveal that the lithium storage mechanism is indeed an intercalation reaction with very limited volume change. The material can be cycled for over 5000 cycles with minimal capacity fade and holds great promise in enabling next generation fast charging batteries.

Approaches to fast charging lithium-ion batteries

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.