Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen in diseases responsible for chronic and acute infections, by expressing its genes rapidly in biofilms. Phenazines are one of the main factors that causes infections in organisms and growth, considered as a quorum sensing signaling molecule for P. aeruginosa. Previous studies of virulence factor production of P. aeruginosa in biofilm has focused on the blue pigment Pyocyanin (PYO). However, in this project, Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN), and pyocyanin (PYO), which are three main phenazines produced by P. aeruginosa PA14, are studied. As they are redox-active species, electrochemical detection is widely used for sensitive and rapid detection of these phenazine molecules. Micro-to-nanoscale electrochemical redox cycling (RC) is a powerful technique for the output current amplification in electrochemical measurements, improving sensitivity by repeating the oxidation-reduction reaction of the analyte. Nanostructured electrodes allow electroanalytical measurement to be conducted on small length and volume scales with small charging current and negligible iR drop. Our nanopore electrode arrays (NEAs) device has been fabricated in metal-insulator-metal deposition followed by reactive ion etching. In this geometry, the device is worked in generator-collector mode (GC mode) by sweeping the bottom electrode potential while holding the top electrode at constant potentials. The amplification factor for redox cycling of 100uM of PYO, compared with non-GC mode, is 24.5. Moreover, the limit of detection (LOD) is determined to be 7.9nM. This work demonstrates the capability of using NEAs for in situ monitoring and sensitive detection of phenazine metabolites secreted by P. aeruginosa communities. By doing so, we believe that this approach could not only afford significant insights regarding P. aeruginosa virulence mechanism, but also provide early diagnosis of P. aeruginosa related infection.

Sensitive detection of phenazines secreted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa communities in nanopore electrode arrays

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.