Over the past two decades, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles turned out to be a promising tool for degradation of various organic compounds (mainly chlorinated solvents represented most typically by TCE) and immobilization of broad range of inorganic compounds (metals, metalloids, etc.; most typical example is the reduction of hexavalent chromium). The advantage of nZVI particles lies mainly in their (i) small particle size allowing their migration in groundwater, (ii) high specific surface area providing them the key property of high reactivity (i.e., significant effect on solution redox conditions leading to the decrease of oxidation reduction potential typically below -400 mV), as well as high sorption capacity, and (iii) possibility of their easy modification (surface or bulk chemical treatment, deposition on various substrates, etc.) for targeted application. Although the degradation/removal of organic/inorganic compounds by nZVI is typically successful and highly efficient in laboratory-scale conditions, the nZVI-based technologies face many problems in real contaminated sites. They include mainly the large-extent of contamination, its inhomogeneous distribution in subsurface, complex geology/lithology and variable hydrogeological conditions. Therefore, the strong reduction power of nZVI particles must be further enhanced by other (and mostly cheap) complementary processes – biotic and/or abiotic – in real groundwater-treatment technologies. The efficiency of such nano-bio combined technology was successfully demonstrated at numerous field-scale applications of such technology. In this contribution, we will present the basic properties of nZVI particles and derived Fe-based materials, their optimization for higher reactivity with the strong accent to their utilization for removal of emerging persistent/halogenated organic compounds. The major part will be focused on the combination of nZVI with biotic and/or abiotic sources of electrons, both in laboratory-scale and filed-scale tests. Moreover, the effect of nZVI on microbial communities typical for groundwater, as well as toxicity of nZVI, will be covered in the presentation. Generally, the nZVI-based nano-bio technologies turn out to be one of the highly promising and cheap ways to significantly enhance nZVI performance for groundwater treatment.

Combined nano-bio technologies based on iron nanoparticles: Efficient tool for groundwater remediation

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.