The field of nonlinear dielectric effects has started with Debye's work on dielectric saturation. The signature of this effect is a reduction of the dielectric constant, εs, with increasing electric field. The work of Piekara added the so-called 'chemical effect', an increase in εs that originates from the coexistence of two species with different dipole moments. More recently, dielectric hole burning and similar techniques based on high ac fields demonstrated that the energy absorbed from a field can accelerate dynamics, even for isothermal temperature conditions. For strong static (dc) fields, the dynamics of polar liquids can become slower relative to the field free case. Thus, depending of the type of field applied, these reversible field effects can lead to amplitudes increasing or decreasing, and to the loss spectrum being shifted to the left or right along the logarithmic frequency scale. Additionally, crystallization outcomes can be modified by static fields of moderate amplitude. The aim of this talk is to provide an outline of the various high-field dielectric approaches and to present the different field protocols can be exploited to discriminate among the different sources of nonlinear polarization in glass-forming materials. It will also be shown how the non-linear effects approach equilibrium along the time scale time, and how this time dependence relates to structural recovery and physical aging. The current understanding for each of the effects will be discussed.

Dielectric approach to viscous materials at high electric fields

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.