Carbohydrates are ubiquitous in nature. On the surface of bacterial cells, there are many carbohydrate antigens, which are attractive targets for next generation vaccine development. However, a significant challenge in developing carbohydrate based vaccine is their low immunogenecities. Direct administration of carbohydrates cannot elicit a powerful antibody response to protect the host from diseases. In this presentation, we will present our strategies to significantly enhance the immunogenicity of carbohydrate antigens, using Salmonella associated glycans as a representative antigen. Salmonella infections (salmonellosis) are a major public health problem throughout the world. Conventionally, invasive Salmonella infections are treated with antimicrobial agents. However, the overuse of antibiotics in medicine as well as in livestock rearing has led to the emergence of multidrug resistant strains, leading the CDC to designate Salmonella as a pathogen of serious concern in their report on antimicrobial threats in the USA. Despite the frequency and severity of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) disease, no licensed human NTS vaccines are available yet. There is an urgent need to develop an NTS vaccine that could complement other control and prevention strategies. The characteristic carbohydrate structures on the surface of Salmonella bacteria are attractive antigenic targets for the development of effective carbohydrate based anti-Salmonella vaccines. We have synthesized the antigenic determinant tetrasaccharide associated with Salmonella enteritidis. In order to boost the antibody responses against the glycan, the tetrasaccharide was covalently conjugated with a powerful carrier, bacteriophage Qβ. High levels of specific and long lasting anti-glycan IgG antibodies were induced by the conjugate, which completely protected mice from lethal bacterial challenge in a passive transfer model. These results have provided exciting leads for the creation of new anti-Salmonella vaccines.

Development of carbohydrate based anti-microbial vaccines

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.