Systemic control of cellular physiology will allow for the design of synthetic electronic-biological communication networks, capable of coordinating physiology across large distances, disparate environments, and varied time scales. In order to achieve this connectivity, we have begun to develop cellular equivalents of network technology. To do this, we have engineered a cell-based co-culture system in which “sensor” and “producer” cells work together to generate a redox signal in response to molecular communication. The sensor cell population integrates molecular cues to regulate the expression of a surface-linked tyrosinase. Similarly, the producer cell population regulates the synthesis of the enzyme-substrate L-tyrosine, which is converted by the sensor cell population into the redox signal L-DOPA. In co-cultures, this system enables real-time electrochemical detection of molecular information by measuring the oxidative current of L-DOPA. This system was able to eavesdrop on cell-cell molecular communication, which we demonstrate by intercepting the quorum sensing signals of <i>Pseudomonas aerugionosa</i>. We have also adapted this system to receive electronic signals through “transmitter” cells that produce quorum sensing signals in response to electrochemically generated hydrogen peroxide. Finally, we have stored cellular and electronic information in cellularly-produced “hard drives” to store redox memory, through controlled oxidation and reduction of the catechol-quinone groups of eumelanin with redox mediators. The melanin memory units were capable of directing cellular signaling, either by attenuating or amplifying the oxidative signature of a mediator mixture. Together, these cellular units allow for regulated information exchange with biology to allow for rational, user-guided cellular communication and physiology.

Connecting biology to electronics through a redox communication network of tyrosine, tyrosinase, and eumelanin

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.