Tin, generally considered non-toxic, has been used in alloys in dental fillings, in lead-free solder, as a food preservative, and most recently, to remediate trace metals from contaminated water sources. Tin is an attractive reagent for trace metal remediation because of its reductive power and the insoluble nature of the reduced tin species, tin dioxide (SnO2). This insoluble byproduct can simply be filtered out after treatment. Stannous can be applied to remove hexavalent chromium from groundwater, passivate lead/copper in service lines, passivate iron in cooling systems, recover selenium and mercury from industrial wastewater, and remove and inhibit biofilm growth in cooling systems to reduce corrosion and risk of legionella outbreaks. An innovative insitu stannous generator has been developed to harnesses the power of this highly effective chemical reagent; before this invention, there was no method for delivering a controlled dose of stannous reagent (Sn2+) to water treatment applications. Generating a stannous reagent onsite is a far more cost-effective treatment solution compared to traditional alternatives since tin and electricity are the only consumables with this novel approach. The stannous reagent is generated on demand using non-toxic, food-grade reagent precursor material. As a result, there is no shelf life of the reagent and operational costs are drastically reduced since shipping and handling of hazardous chemicals associated are entirely avoided. Traditional tin reagents such as stannous chloride (SnCl2), are a caustic, unstable material requiring specialized handling. The stannous reagent generator incorporates proprietary continuous, real-time monitoring of contaminant levels at the influent and effluent to ensure optimal treatment and compliance with regulatory and operational targets 24/7/365. There are presently no similar applications that integrate a low life-time cost contaminant treatment system with real-time performance controls. Case studies from this novel in-situ stannous generator will be presented.

Harnessing the power of stannous for trace metal remediation

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

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