Here, we present Subsurface Controllable Refractive Index via laser Beam Exposure (SCRIBE), a novel lithographic approach to fabricate polymer optical elements with arbitrary 3D index profiles at precise locations within a mesoporous silicon scaffold. We achieve a broad index range at 633 nm of 1.55 to 2.01 by adjusting the laser exposure. We demonstrate a microscale doublet objective that focuses visible light to 750 ± 20 μm and a smallest-on-record 15-μm diameter spherical Luneburg (gradient index) lens. Finally, we realize integrated photonic devices that use 3D waveguides to couple light vertically from the surface to a horizontally oriented subsurface all-pass microring (Q = 10,000). These demonstrations present a new paradigm for lithographically-aligned 3D fabrication of polymer micro-optics and photonic systems.

Additive manufacturing of 3D microscale gradient refractive index polymer optics in porous silicon

Macromolecular Chemistry: The Second Century

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ACS Spring 2020 National Meeting & Expo

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.