Nanostructured, mesoporous materials have shown significant promise for application as photovoltaics, batteries, and capacitors. Synthesis using structure directing agents have facilitated the ability to more precisely control nanostructural characteristics. In particular, particle size and porosity are compelling design parameters as nano-sized, porous materials provide more access to both bulk and surface properties and the kinetics for ion-coupled electron transfer are enhanced due shorter ion diffusion lengths, and to the formation of thinner ion and electron conducting interfacial regions, as well as to increased mass transport and electrode/electrolyte contact areas. Nano-sized materials can also more easily accommodate volumetric changes and lattice stresses caused by structural and phase transformations. This presentation will summarize materials design strategies for optimizing the performance of nanostructured, porous materials and highlight the development of high resolution optical tools for studying highly anisoptropic and porous materials. Information obtained from these tools provides fundamental understanding of electron and ion transfer processes and degradation mechanisms for materials utilized for electrochemical energy conversion and storage.

Porous electrode architectures for energy conversion and storage

239th National Meeting (2010)

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