N-butylation of potassium phthalimide was carried out  under ultrasonic assisted phase transfer catalysis condition using n-bromobutane as an alkylating agent. Rate of N-alkylation was investigated at various experimental parameters viz., stirring speed, amount of catalyst, different solvents, different phase transfer catalysts, ultrasound frequency and temperature. The mechanism of the solid�liquid reaction of alkyl halide and potassium salt of phthalimide in an organic solvent was verified in this work. Different onium salts were examined for the reaction and tetrahexylammonium bromide showed maximum catalytical activity. An improvement of the reaction outcome (yield and reaction time) was achieved through the immersion of the reactor into an ultrasound bath. A kinetic model was proposed for the N-alkylation and the experimental data were well described by the pseudo-first-order equation.  Rational explanations to account for the resulting phenomena were provided.

Kinetics of ultrasound assisted N-(butyl)phthalimide synthesis under phase-transfer catalysis conditions

243rd National Meeting (2012)

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