Bone tissue engineering is a rapidly developing field aimed at satisfying the needs for the replacement of diseased or damaged. Cranial defects are a relatively common complication that can arise secondary to trauma, surgery, infection, neoplastic, or congenital malformation such as aplasia cutis, and its reconstruction is a challenge in craniofacial surgery. Transplant of bone autograft remains the currently used method for reconstruction of cranial bone loss; however, it is inadequate for large defects and implicates several risks, including donor site morbidity, graft or flap failure, rejection, or infection. A critical-size bone defect will not heal spontaneously and this fact requires exploring new biomaterials and cell-culture-based technologies .Our previous study has demonstrated that fibroin scaffold, more than other scaffolds already used in clinical practice, enhanced osteoblastic differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC) and Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells (AFSC) .Fibroin is one of the two proteins composing the silkworm filament. The peculiar aspect of silk fibroin molecule is the presence of two different active sequences, VITTDSDGNE and NINDFDED, recognized by integrin promoting fibroblast growth, lending the silk protein with multifunctional with bio-recognition capabilities. With different procedures, fibroin can be processed to fabricate films, foams, non-woven micro- and nanonets and solid or injectable gels. Various potential applications of fibroin for tissue engineering scaffolds have been proposed, thanks to unique properties that fibroin possesses in terms of biocompatibility and bioactivity. The objective of this study was to test the ability of fibroin scaffold to support the expansion of osteogenic committed human stem cells transplanted in large cranial defect in parietal region for bone regeneration in vivo. PdlLa porous scaffolds were used as control material.

Silk fibroin porous matrix supported by human amniotic fluid and dental pulp stem cell:<i> </i>In vivo study in critical size defect model

243rd National Meeting (2012)

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Silk fibroin porous matrix supported by human amniotic fluid and dental pulp stem cell: In vivo study in critical size defect model