The study of disinfection by-products of pharmaceuticals in wastewater is an emerging field. Most by-products of known contaminants are unregulated, and may have altered physiochemical properties and toxicity profiles compared with the parent. The lipid regulator gemfibrozil has been found consistently in the ng-�g/L range in wastewater in Southern California. Gemfibrozil can be oxidized when treated with sodium hypochlorite in wastewater in situ to form a p-chlorinated and a p-brominated species. Concentrations of gemfibrozil, chlorogemfibrozil, and bromogemfibrozil were measured in chlorinated primary effluent in the ranges of 231-268, 52-293, and 11-79 ng/L, respectively. These halogenated analogs elicit enhanced endocrine disruption activity in vivo but not in vitro when compared with the parent, with the effect decreasing in the order bromogemfibrozil > chlorogemfibrozil > gemfibrozil.

Halogenated by-products of gemfibrozil formed by chlorination in wastewater treatment-like conditions in situ: Structural and biological characterization

243rd National Meeting (2012)

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