Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) represent an important family of emerging nanotechnologies because they have many potential uses in engineering, electronics, and medicine.  However, these novel engineered nanostructures also represent a potential risk for the respiratory tract due to the potential for inhalation exposure. The aim of this presentation is to overview the lung fibrotic potential of CNTs in order to facilitate careful evaluation of risk as they continue to be pursued as a vital part of the emerging nanotechnology revolution. Inhalation studies show that CNTs deposit within the distal regions in the lungs in mice, where they can persist for weeks or longer, and result in inflammatory and/or fibrotic effects. CNTs also rapidly migrate to the subpleural regions, where they could pose a carcinogenic or fibrogenic threat to mesothelial lining.  There is also evidence that individuals with pre-existing respiratory disease may be at greater risk due to the ability of CNTs exacerbate immune responses.

Carbon nanotubes as a potential cause of pleural and interstitial lung diseases

244th National Meeting (2012)

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