In an effort to combat the sea lamprey, an invasive species that preys on large fish, 50,000 kg and 500 kg of 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) and 5-chlor-N-(2 chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxibenzamide (niclosamide), respectively, are added to the Great Lakes watersheds each year.  TFM is an estrogen agonist and little is known about the environmental persistence of both compounds in this drinking water source.  In order to elucidate the role of direct and indirect photochemical oxidation in the environmental fate of TFM and niclosamide, both compounds were subjected to UV-A and UV-B irradiation in deinoized water and in filtered lake water adjusted to a range of environmentally relevant pH values.  Photochemical degradation mechanisms of both compounds were established.  The identified intermediate products are expected to form under conditions found in a UV-based advanced oxidation process.  More work is needed to establish the toxicity and persistence of the photolysis products of TFM and niclosamide.

UV photolysis of lampricides in the presence and absence of dissolved organic matter

245th National Meeting (2013)

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