The formation of toxic/carcinogenic by-products from the transformation of iodinated pharmaceuticals in the presence of chlorinated oxidants and natural organic matter (NOM) were investigated as part of a growing concern over pharmaceuticals and personal care products in potable waters.  Previous studies have shown that the iodinated x-ray contrast media (ICM), iopamidol, produces iodinated disinfection by-products (DBP) in source waters with chlorinated oxidants present.  However, the effect of source water characteristics on DBP yield and speciation in the presence of common ICM; iopamidol, iopromide, iomeprol, iohexol, and diatrizoate; has yet to be investigated.  Three source waters were chosen based on diverse NOM characteristics ranging from aromatic humic/fulvic to nitrogenous protein like moieties.  Regulated trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) were measured as well as emerging DBPs such as iodinated THMs, non-regulated HAAs (i.e., iodoacetic acid), and haloacetonitriles (i.e., iodoacetonitrile).  Environmental significance indicates the possible restricted use of select ICM.

Formation of iodinated disinfection by-products as a function of iodinated pharmaceuticals, chlorinated oxidants, and natural organic matter

245th National Meeting (2013)

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