The prospective urban and rural epidemiological (PURE) study is a large-scale multi-centre population health study for assessing environmental and lifestyle factors that contribute to the alarming increases in obesity and chronic disease risk on a global level. Sub-acute yet chronic iodine deficiency represents a key determinant in human health and normal development due to its role in regulating thyroxine hormone production. Due to rapid changes in dietary patterns with urbanization and higher salt intake, the present day iodine status in North America remains unclear. In this work, a novel assay for unambiguous determination of sub-micromolar levels of urinary iodide was measured for over 800 urine (24 h) specimens from the PURE study when using capillary electrophoresis (CE) with UV detection. Dynamic inclusion complexation with alpha-cyclodextrin was critical for method selectivity in order to resolve trace levels of iodide from a million-fold excess of chloride and other strong anions in urine. Moreover, sample self-stacking by transient isotachophoresis allowed for a major boost in concentration sensitivity without complicated sample handling. Rigorous method validation and quality assurance protocols were also implemented over five weeks on continuous CE operation to demonstrate acceptable intermediate precision (CV < 12%) and method robustness needed for reliable clinical analyses. Overall, a major fraction of the Canadian adult population was found to be mildly or moderately deficient in iodine that requires appropriate public health policies to prevent chronic disease risk.

Urinary iodide status determination by capillary electrophoresis: A population health perspective

248th National Meeting (2014)

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