Carbon fiber-paper�supported carbon nanofoams are ideal substrates for electrode architectures due to such inherent attributes as high specific surface area, high electronic conductivity, and a size-tunable pore network through-connected in three dimensions (3D) and co-continuous with the ~20-nm�wide carbon nanofoam network [1]. We use carbon nanofoam papers as the base structure for �multifunctional electrode nanoarchitectures� that incorporate electroactive functionalities (metal oxides, conducting/redox polymers, metal nanoparticles) as needed for specific energy-storage or energy-conversion applications [1�3]. We have developed simple, scalable, low-cost electroless deposition protocols to introduce conformal, nanoscale coatings of either manganese or iron oxides onto the surfaces of carbon nanofoams without compromising the high-quality pore structure of the native nanofoam. These oxide-painted carbon nanofoam papers improve the performance of aqueous asymmetric electrochemical capacitors and air cathodes in metal�air batteries.    [1] Lytle, J.C.; Barrow, A.J.; Wallace, J.M.; Sassin, M.B.; Long, J.W.; Dysart, J.L.; Renninger, C.H.; Saunders, M.P.; Rolison, D.R. The right kind of interior for multifunctional electrode architectures: Carbon nanofoam papers with aperiodic submicrometer pore networks interconnected in 3D. Energy Environ. Sci. 2011 , 4, 1913�1925.[2] Rolison, D.R.; Long, J.W.; Lytle, J.C.; Fischer, A.E.; Rhodes, C.P.; McEvoy, T.M.; Bourg, M.E.; Lubers, A.M. Multifunctional 3-D nanoarchitectures for energy storage and conversion. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009 , 38, 226�252.[3] Sassin, M.B.; Chervin, C.N.; Rolison, D.R.; Long, J.W.; Redox deposition of nanoscale metal oxides on carbon for next-generation electrochemical capacitors. Acc. Chem. Res. 2013 , 46, 1062�1074.

Building energy- and size-scalable 3D energy-storage architectures with carbon nanofoam paper

248th National Meeting (2014)

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