Cumulative dietary exposure can be estimated for compounds that have the same mechanism of action. The organophosphorus insecticides inhibit the acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that degrades the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Pyrethroids delay the inactivation of affected voltage gated sodium channels leading to an increase in sodium ion influx and delayed repolarization. Triazoles were identified to produce cranial-facial malformations during the fetus development. In this work, acephate and methamidophos were used as index compound (IC) for organophosphorus, deltamethrin for pyrethroids and flusilazole for triazole pesticides. Residue data were available for 18,452 samples of 26 raw commodities, including fruits, vegetables, rice and beans, obtained from two Brazilian governmental monitoring programs and from the Laboratory of Toxicology during the period of 2008-2013. Processing factors were used to estimate the cumulative intake of organophosphorus. Consumption data for the 26 commodities and for 73 prepared food that used these commodities were obtained from the 2008/2009 Brazilian IBGE Survey (Pesquisa de Or�amento Familiar). In  this survey, 34003 individuals 10 years or older filled consumption diaries in two no-consecutive days. Probabilistic cumulative acute exposure was estimated using the software MCRA 7.1 (Monte Carlo Risk Assessment), developed byRIKILT (the Netherlands). The acute cumulative intake of organophosphorus exceeded the ARfD at P99.99, reaching 177% of the acephate ARfD (100 �g/kg bw) for teenagers. Rice and oranges were the commodities that most contributed to the intake. The intake of pyrethroids represented up to 21% of the deltamethrin ARfD (10 �g/kg bw) at P99.99, mainly from the consumption of oranges. The intake of triazoles was estimated for women of childbearing age (12-45 years old), and represented 38% of the flusilazole ARfD (5 �g/kg bw), mostly from the consumption of rice. The results showed that the cumulative acute intake of organophosphorus pesticides may pose a risk to Brazilian consumers.

Estimation of cumulative acute dietary exposure of the Brazilian population to organophosphorus, pyrethroids, and triazole pesticides using the MCRA probabilistic model

248th National Meeting (2014)

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