A multilevel antimicrobial coating was formulated by encapsulating chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas within a water-oil-water, double emulsion. The release of the ClO2 gas was controlled by its diffusion through the encapsulating micelles and oil phase, and a faster release can be triggered by an increase in temperature (i.e., touch) or excess hydration (i.e., saliva and fluid droplets). The �contact-killing� and �anti-adhesion� properties of the formulation were achieved by surface decoration of copper ions and detergent polymers. The safety of the coating was established using a barrage of in vitro (i.e., A549 human lung epithelial carcinoma cell line) and in vivo techniques (i.e., SD rat) highlighting the importance of controlled dosing in achieving a safe and effective antimicrobial system. The virucidal studies were carried out on enveloped and nonenveloped RNA and DNA viruses that included influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2), human respiratory syncytial virus, EV71, adenovirus and T4 phage. The coating has high virucidal activity with greater than 2 log reduction in 1 min contact and is effective for up to 30 days following the initial coating. Microscopy, ToF-SIMS and MALDI-TOF analyses indicated that damages to the viral envelop and tail proteins are the likely cause of inactivation in T4 phase exposed to the coating.

Virucidal activity of a multilevel antimicrobial coating

248th National Meeting (2014)

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