The healthcare industry has recently experienced a major paradigm shift towards wearable biomedical devices. The fabrication of tattoo-based wearable biosensors that are able to monitor chemical constituents residing on the epidermis of the wearer's body are presented. These sensors can monitor lactate generated in human perspiration during exercise through a non-invasive and continuous fashion.  The resulting temporal lactate profiles reflect changes in the production of sweat lactate upon varying the exercise intensity. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability to generate electrical power from human perspiration through the use of epidermal tattoo biofuel cells. Substantial power was generated from human sweat in real-life scenarios. Such skin-worn metabolite tattoo based biosensors and biofuel cells could offer considerable promise for diverse sport, military, and biomedical applications.

Wearable biosensors and biofuel cells for continuous non-invasive epidermal monitoring

248th National Meeting (2014)

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