Natural composites gain unmatched strength and performance by continuously adapting their microstructure during development. The dynamic patterning of microstructure via Reaction-Diffusion (RD) processes is collectively termed morphogenesis.The reshaping of microstructures enables the strength of bone and the respiratory rate that powers flight. In RD processes, two reactive molecules diffuse at distinct, controlled rates, to form dynamically changing spatial patterns. Employing RD theory has created elegant, patterned materials. However, a key principle of biological development, lacking in synthetic systems, is microstructure dynamic morphogenesis to improve performance.<br/>In this work we present a new method to change the structure of a PDMS-based microfluidic device using reaction-diffusion. We use a concurrent flow of a depolymerizing agent (TBAF) and a diffusible blocking agent (TEMS). The interaction between the two chemicals is controlled by the diffusion of TEMS through the PDMS membrane. Strategic alignment of the channels containing the inhibition agent enabled us to control the final structure through reaction-diffusion mechanisms.<br/>Using RD principles and computational models, we alter 3D structures in a preplanned, continuous and dynamic manner. As a demonstration of the improved performance of the morphed microstructures, we enhanced the mass transfer properties of a 3-dimensional microvascular sample. Finally, to replicate the asymmetry found in many biological structures, we used asymmetric RD gradients to create asymmetry from symmetric structures.<br/>This work is the first step in developing a mechanism for the controlled alteration and refinement of structural materials through bio-mimetic, morphogenetic methods. Natural systems have the power to change and improve themselves over time, materials rarely do. This work presents an initial stepping stone in mimicking nature’s ability to evolve.

Microfabrication of microfluidic devices via reaction-diffusion

249th National Meeting (2015)

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