The purpose of this research was to find conditions to run direct arylation reactions under air. This was done by varying the ligands and catalysts used in the reactions. The mechanism of direct arylation reactions is very similar to that of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. With that in mind, the focus of the research was to see if air stable ligands used in Suzuki-Miyaura reactions would also work in direct arylation reactions. Further studies showed that most did not work. One ligand, however, was found to be very successful under air. This ligand, S-Phos, comes from a group of ligands called the Buchwald ligands. S-Phos was used with palladium acetate as the catalyst to yield high amounts of product in just two hours. These findings may now be used as an under air direct arylation reaction for undergraduate lab courses.

Studies on "under air" direct arylation

249th National Meeting (2015)

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