The reduction of As(V) to As(III) in vivo by Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has been seldom characterized, yet it has been shown in literature (Nemeti and Gregus, 2005) that GAPDH has the ability to reduce As(V) to As(III) in vitro. We tested this hypothesis in vivo by exposing rats to arsenic bearing mine wastes followed by analysis of brain and blood samples for presence of As species. Samples were obtained from the Marigold East mine of the Randsburg mining district in Southern California. Samples were separated by size until fractions of particles &lt;10 um were obtained. Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) analysis was performed on the mine wastes to characterize species of As present in our samples. A controlled exposure was performed in which known amounts of mine waste were passed by the nasal region of each rat with a control cohort exposed to ambient air. A GAPDH ELISA assay was run on harvested blood and brain tissues to characterize the presence of GAPDH. Ion Chromatography-Inductively Coupled-Dyanmic Reaction Cell-Mass Spectrometry (IC-ICP-DRC-MS) was performed to determine speciation data of As compounds within each respective tissue. Analysis revealed no significant change in As(III) and As(V) concentrations in both brain and blood samples between pre and post exposes tissues. There was a slight increase in Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in exposed blood in comparison to control blood. ELISA results revealed an increase in GAPDH levels in the blood and a decrease in GAPDH levels in the brain. In conclusion, GAPDH did not appear to reduce As(V) to As(III) in both blood and brain samples. However, additional analyses with more potent As sources are required to further characterize GAPDH’s reduction capabilities.

In vivo reduction of arsenic from inhaled mine waste

251st National Meeting (2016)

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